List of Members of the United States House of Representatives

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The speaker of the United states Firm of Representatives is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Commodity I, Department two of the U.S. Constitution. The speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House, and is simultaneously the body'due south presiding officer, the de facto leader of the body's majority party, and the institution's authoritative head.^[1] Speakers too perform various authoritative and procedural functions, all in addition to representing their own congressional district. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the speaker usually does not personally preside over debates. That duty is instead delegated to members of the Firm from the bulk party. Neither does the speaker regularly participate in floor debates. Additionally, the speaker is second in the presidential line of succession, after the vice president and alee of the president pro tempore of the Senate.^[2]

The House elects a new speaker by roll call vote when information technology first convenes after a full general election for its two-twelvemonth term, or when a speaker dies, resigns or is removed from the position intra-term. A majority of votes bandage (as opposed to a majority of the full membership of the House) is necessary to elect a speaker.^[1] If no candidate receives a majority vote, then the roll call is repeated until a speaker is elected.^[3] The Constitution does not require the speaker to be an incumbent member of the House, although every speaker thus far has been.^[4]

The current speaker of the House, Democrat Nancy Pelosi of California, was elected to a quaternary (second sequent) term in part on January 3, 2021, the kickoff day of the 117th Congress. She is the only adult female to have served as speaker. Altogether, 54 individuals, from 23 of the 50 states, take served as speaker of the House. The number from each state are:

• Eight: Massachusetts;
• Four: Kentucky and Virginia;
• Three: Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas;
• Ii: Maine, New Jersey, New York, and Due south Carolina;
• One: Alabama, California, Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Washington, and Wisconsin.

One speaker, James M. Polk, subsequently served as President of the United States, the merely one to serve in both offices, and 2 speakers, Schuyler Colfax and John Nance Garner, later became Vice president. The longest serving speaker was Sam Rayburn – 17 years, 53 days. Elected 10 times, he led the House three times: from September 1940 to Jan 1947; January 1949 to January 1953; and January 1955 to November 1961. Tip O'Neill had the longest uninterrupted tenure equally speaker – nine years, 350 days. Elected five times, he led the House from January 1977 to January 1987. Theodore Grand. Pomeroy had the shortest tenure; elected speaker on March iii, 1869, he served one 24-hour interval.

List of speakers [edit]

The Firm has elected a speaker 126 times since 1789:^[3] at the starting time of each of the 117 congresses, plus on 10 occasions when a vacancy arose during a Congress via death or resignation. Of the 54 people who have served as speaker of the House over the past 232 years, 32 served multiple terms, and seven of them served nonconsecutive terms: Frederick Muhlenberg, Henry Clay, John Westward. Taylor, Thomas Brackett Reed, Joseph W. Martin Jr., Sam Rayburn, and Nancy Pelosi. Birthday, in that location take been 63 occasions on which a new speaker took office. Every speaker of the House has been a member of a political party or faction; the number affiliated with each is:

 Democratic – 22;^[a]  Republican – 16;  Autonomous-Republican – 6;^[b]  Jacksonian – three;^[a]  Whig – 3;  Federalist – ii;  Pro-Assistants – 2;^[c]  Adams Republican – 1;^[b]  American – 1;  Anti-Assistants – ane.^[c]

As of Feb 2022, there are four living onetime speakers of the House: Newt Gingrich, Dennis Hastert, John Boehner, and Paul Ryan. Nancy Pelosi was also among this group, prior to reassuming the office in January 2019.

List of speakers of the U.s.a. House of Representatives

Congress	Term	Portrait	Proper name	Party		Commune[d]
1st	April 1, 1789 – March 4, 1791		Frederick Muhlenberg		Pro-Administration	Pennsylvania at-large
2nd	Oct 24, 1791 – March 4, 1793		Jonathan Trumbull Jr.		Pro-Administration	Connecticut at-large
3rd	December 2, 1793[due east] – March 4, 1795		Frederick Muhlenberg		Anti-Administration	Pennsylvania at-large
4th	December 7, 1795 – March iv, 1797		Jonathan Dayton		Federalist	New Bailiwick of jersey at-big
5th	May 15, 1797 – March four, 1799
6th	December ii, 1799[e] – March 4, 1801		Theodore Sedgwick		Federalist	Massachusetts ane
7th	Dec 7, 1801 – March four, 1803		Nathaniel Macon		Democratic- Republican	North Carolina v
eighth	October 17, 1803 – March 4, 1805					Due north Carolina vi
9th	December ii, 1805[e] – March 4, 1807
10th	Oct 26, 1807 – March four, 1809		Joseph Bradley Varnum		Democratic- Republican	Massachusetts 4
11th	May 22, 1809[due east] – March 4, 1811
12th	November 4, 1811 – March four, 1813		Henry Clay		Democratic- Republican	Kentucky 5
13th	May 24, 1813 – Jan 19, 1814[f]					Kentucky 2
13th [g]	January 19, 1814 – March 4, 1815		Langdon Cheves		Autonomous- Republican	South Carolina one
14th	December 4, 1815 – March 4, 1817		Henry Clay		Democratic- Republican	Kentucky 2
15th	Dec 1, 1817 – March 4, 1819
16th	December half dozen, 1819 – October 28, 1820[f]
16th [k]	November 15, 1820[e] – March four, 1821		John W. Taylor		Democratic- Republican	New York eleven
17th	Dec 4, 1821[e] – March 4, 1823		Philip P. Barbour		Democratic- Republican	Virginia 11
18th	December 1, 1823 – March 6, 1825[f]		Henry Clay		Democratic- Republican	Kentucky iii
19th	December five, 1825[due east] – March 4, 1827		John Due west. Taylor		Adams Republican	New York 17
20th	Dec 3, 1827 – March iv, 1829		Andrew Stevenson		Jacksonian	Virginia 9
21st	December 7, 1829 – March 4, 1831
22nd	Dec 5, 1831 – March 4, 1833
23rd	Dec 2, 1833 – June 2, 1834[f]					Virginia xi
23rd [k]	June 2, 1834[e] – March iv, 1835		John Bell		Jacksonian	Tennessee 7
24th	Dec 7, 1835 – March 4, 1837		James 1000. Polk		Jacksonian	Tennessee 9
25th	September 4, 1837 – March 4, 1839				Democratic
26th	December 16, 1839[e] – March 4, 1841		Robert 1000. T. Hunter		Whig	Virginia 9
27th	May 31, 1841 – March iv, 1843		John White		Whig	Kentucky 9
28th	December 4, 1843 – March 4, 1845		John Winston Jones		Autonomous	Virginia half dozen
29th	December 1, 1845 – March 4, 1847		John Wesley Davis		Democratic	Indiana 6
30th	Dec 6, 1847[eastward] – March 4, 1849		Robert Charles Winthrop		Whig	Massachusetts 1
31st	December 22, 1849[e] – March iv, 1851		Howell Cobb		Democratic	Georgia 6
32nd	December ane, 1851 – March 4, 1853		Linn Boyd		Democratic	Kentucky 1
33rd	December 5, 1853 – March iv, 1855
34th	Feb ii, 1856[e] – March 4, 1857		Nathaniel P. Banks		American	Massachusetts 7
35th	December vii, 1857 – March four, 1859		James Lawrence Orr		Democratic	Southward Carolina 5
36th	February i, 1860[due east] – March 4, 1861		William Pennington		Republican	New Bailiwick of jersey 5
37th	July four, 1861 – March 4, 1863		Galusha A. Grow		Republican	Pennsylvania fourteen
38th	December 7, 1863 – March 4, 1865		Schuyler Colfax		Republican	Indiana 9
39th	Dec 4, 1865 – March four, 1867
40th	March 4, 1867 – March iii, 1869[f]
40th [k]	March iii–4, 1869		Theodore Grand. Pomeroy		Republican	New York 24
41st	March four, 1869 – March 4, 1871		James G. Blaine		Republican	Maine 3
42nd	March four, 1871 – March 4, 1873
43rd	March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
44th	December 6, 1875 – Baronial xix, 1876[h]		Michael C. Kerr		Democratic	Indiana 3
44th [grand]	December 4, 1876 – March 4, 1877		Samuel J. Randall		Democratic	Pennsylvania 3
45th	Oct 15, 1877 – March 4, 1879
46th	March 18, 1879 – March 4, 1881
47th	December five, 1881 – March 4, 1883		J. Warren Keifer		Republican	Ohio 8
48th	December 3, 1883 – March 4, 1885		John G. Carlisle		Democratic	Kentucky 6
49th	Dec 7, 1885 – March 4, 1887
50th	December 5, 1887 – March 4, 1889
51st	Dec 2, 1889 – March 4, 1891		Thomas Brackett Reed		Republican	Maine one
52nd	December 8, 1891 – March 4, 1893		Charles Frederick Well-baked		Democratic	Georgia 3
53rd	August 7, 1893 – March 4, 1895
54th	Dec two, 1895 – March 4, 1897		Thomas Brackett Reed		Republican	Maine i
55th	March fifteen, 1897 – March 4, 1899
56th	December four, 1899 – March 4, 1901		David B. Henderson		Republican	Iowa 3
57th	Dec 2, 1901 – March 4, 1903
58th	November 9, 1903 – March iv, 1905		Joseph Gurney Cannon		Republican	Illinois 18
59th	Dec 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
60th	December ii, 1907 – March 4, 1909
61st	March 15, 1909 – March 4, 1911
62nd	Apr four, 1911 – March 4, 1913		Champ Clark		Democratic	Missouri ix
63rd	April 7, 1913 – March 4, 1915
64th	December six, 1915 – March 4, 1917
65th	Apr two, 1917 – March 4, 1919
66th	May 19, 1919 – March 4, 1921		Frederick H. Gillett		Republican	Massachusetts 2
67th	April xi, 1921 – March 4, 1923
68th	Dec v, 1923[e] – March 4, 1925
69th	Dec vii, 1925 – March four, 1927		Nicholas Longworth		Republican	Ohio one
70th	December 5, 1927 – March four, 1929
71st	April 15, 1929 – March 4, 1931
72nd	December vii, 1931 – March four, 1933		John Nance Garner		Democratic	Texas 15
73rd	March 9, 1933 – August 19, 1934[h]		Henry Thomas Rainey		Democratic	Illinois xx
74th	Jan three, 1935 – June 4, 1936[h]		Jo Byrns		Democratic	Tennessee 5
74th [chiliad]	June four, 1936 – January 3, 1937		William B. Bankhead		Democratic	Alabama seven
75th	January 5, 1937 – Jan 3, 1939
76th	January 3, 1939 – September fifteen, 1940[h]
76th [g]	September 16, 1940 – January 3, 1941		Sam Rayburn		Democratic	Texas 4
77th	January 3, 1941 – January iii, 1943
78th	Jan 6, 1943 – Jan 3, 1945
79th	Jan 3, 1945 – January three, 1947
80th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949		Joseph W. Martin Jr.		Republican	Massachusetts 14
81st	January 3, 1949 – Jan 3, 1951		Sam Rayburn		Democratic	Texas 4
82nd	January 3, 1951 – Jan 3, 1953
83rd	January iii, 1953 – January 3, 1955		Joseph W. Martin Jr.		Republican	Massachusetts xiv
84th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957		Sam Rayburn		Autonomous	Texas iv
85th	January 3, 1957 – Jan 3, 1959
86th	January 7, 1959 – January 3, 1961
87th	January iii, 1961 – November sixteen, 1961[h]
87th [g]	January x, 1962 – January 3, 1963		John W. McCormack		Autonomous	Massachusetts 12
88th	Jan 9, 1963 – January three, 1965					Massachusetts 9
89th	Jan iv, 1965 – January 3, 1967
90th	January 10, 1967 – January 3, 1969
91st	Jan three, 1969 – January 3, 1971
92nd	January 21, 1971 – January 3, 1973		Carl Albert		Democratic	Oklahoma 3
93rd	Jan 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975
94th	January 14, 1975 – Jan 3, 1977
95th	January 4, 1977 – January 3, 1979		Tip O'Neill		Democratic	Massachusetts 8
96th	January 15, 1979 – January 3, 1981
97th	January five, 1981 – January iii, 1983
98th	January 3, 1983 – Jan iii, 1985
99th	January three, 1985 – January 3, 1987
100th	January half-dozen, 1987 – January 3, 1989		Jim Wright		Democratic	Texas 12
101st	January 3, 1989 – June 6, 1989[f]
101st [chiliad]	June vi, 1989 – January 3, 1991		Tom Foley		Autonomous	Washington v
102nd	Jan iii, 1991 – January three, 1993
103rd	January 5, 1993 – January iii, 1995
104th	January 4, 1995 – January 3, 1997		Newt Gingrich		Republican	Georgia half dozen
105th	Jan seven, 1997 – January 3, 1999[f]
106th	Jan 6, 1999 – Jan 3, 2001		Dennis Hastert		Republican	Illinois 14
107th	Jan 3, 2001 – Jan 3, 2003
108th	Jan 7, 2003 – January 3, 2005
109th	Jan 3, 2005 – Jan 3, 2007
110th	Jan 4, 2007 – January three, 2009		Nancy Pelosi		Democratic	California 8
111th	January six, 2009 – January 3, 2011
112th	Jan 5, 2011 – January 3, 2013		John Boehner		Republican	Ohio 8
113th	January three, 2013 – January 3, 2015
114th	Jan half dozen, 2015 – October 29, 2015[f]
114th [yard]	October 29, 2015 – January 3, 2017		Paul Ryan		Republican	Wisconsin i
115th	January 3, 2017 – Jan 3, 2019
116th	January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2021		Nancy Pelosi		Democratic	California 12
117th	January three, 2021 – present
References:[5] [vi]

Notes [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} During James K. Polk's tenure every bit speaker the Jacksonian bloc amalgamated into the modern Autonomous Party.
2. ^ ^{a b} John Taylor served every bit speaker twice in the 1820s; initially he was as a member of the Democratic–Republican Party, and later, when the party began to fracture, he sided with its pro–Adams faction.
3. ^ ^{a b} Frederick Muhlenberg served as speaker twice in the 1790s, before political factions coalesced into formal parties; initially he identified with the pro–administration faction, but subsequently he aligned himself with the anti–assistants faction.
4. ^ The district listed is the commune the speaker represented at the time they were in office, which may exist dissimilar in dissimilar Congresses due to redistricting.
5. ^ ^{a b c d e f chiliad h i j yard fifty m n} Multi-election election.
6. ^ ^{a b c d e f thousand h} Resigned from office and from Congress.
7. ^ ^{a b c d e f chiliad h i j} Intra-term special ballot.
8. ^ ^{a b c d e} Died in office.

Timeline [edit]

Speakers by time in part [edit]

The length of time given below is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be ane greater. Likewise, every bit many speakers were elected multiple times, and to terms that were, in several instances, not consecutive, the length of time given for each speaker measures their cumulative length of incumbency as speaker. Further, time after adjournment of one Congress only before the convening of the side by side Congress is not counted. For case, Nathaniel Macon was speaker in both the 8th and 9th Congresses, only the viii-month gap between the two Congresses is non counted toward his service. The exact dates of service for each individual speaker is shown in the Term of service column of the to a higher place table.

Official seal of the Speaker of the United States Business firm of Representatives

Sam Rayburn, longest serving speaker of the House,
17 years, 53 days (cumulative)

Tip O'Neill, longest uninterrupted tenure of office,
9 years, 350 days

Rank	Proper noun	Fourth dimension in office	TE	Year(s) in which elected
1	Sam Rayburn	17 years, 53 days	x	1940; 1941; 1943; 1945; 1949; 1951; 1955; 1957; 1959; 1961
2	Henry Clay	10 years, 196 days	6	1811; 1813; 1815; 1817; 1819; 1823
three	Tip O'Neill	nine years, 350 days	five	1977; 1979; 1981; 1983; 1985
4	John West. McCormack	8 years, 344 days	5	1962; 1963; 1965; 1967; 1969
5	Dennis Hastert	seven years, 359 days	4	1999; 2001; 2003; 2005
6	Nancy Pelosi	7 years, 47 days	four	2007; 2009; 2019; 2021
7	Champ Clark	6 years, 357 days	4	1911; 1913; 1915; 1917
8	Carl Albert	5 years, 337 days	3	1971; 1973; 1975
9	Joseph Gurney Cannon	v years, 285 days	four	1903; 1905; 1907; 1909
10	Tom Foley	5 years, 209 days	3	1989; 1991; 1993
eleven	James G. Blaine	5 years, 93 days	3	1869; 1871; 1873
12	Frederick H. Gillett	four years, 341 days	3	1919; 1921; 1923
13	John Boehner	4 years, 297 days	3	2011; 2013; 2015
xiv	Schuyler Colfax	4 years, 176 days	3	1863; 1865; 1867
fifteen	Thomas Brackett Reed	four years, 172 days	3	1889; 1895; 1897
xvi	Nicholas Longworth	4 years, 133 days	3	1925; 1927; 1929
17	William B. Bankhead	iv years, 102 days	iii	1936; 1937; 1939
18	Andrew Stevenson	4 years, 83 days	4	1827; 1829; 1831; 1833
19	Joseph W. Martin Jr.	four years	2	1947; 1953
20	Newt Gingrich	3 years, 361 days	two	1995; 1997
21	Nathaniel Macon	3 years, 317 days	iii	1801; 1803; 1805
22	John G. Carlisle	3 years, 267 days	3	1883; 1885; 1887
23	Samuel J. Randall	3 years, 215 days	three	1876; 1877; 1879
24	Paul Ryan	iii years, 66 days	2	2015; 2017
25	Frederick Muhlenberg	3 years, 64 days	2	1789; 1793
26	Joseph Bradley Varnum	3 years, 49 days	ii	1807; 1809
27	Jonathan Dayton	3 years, 14 days	2	1795; 1797
28	Charles Frederick Crisp	2 years, 295 days	ii	1891; 1893
29	James K. Polk	2 years, 268 days	ii	1835; 1837
30 (tie)	Linn Boyd	2 years, 182 days	2	1851; 1853
	David B. Henderson	ii years, 182 days	2	1899; 1901
32	Jim Wright	ii years, 151 days	ii	1987; 1989
33	John White	1 year, 277 days	1	1841
34	Galusha A. Abound	one yr, 243 days	1	1861
35	John W. Taylor	i year, 198 days	2	1820; 1825
36	Henry Thomas Rainey	ane yr, 163 days	1	1933
37	Joseph W. Byrns Sr.	one twelvemonth, 153 days	1	1935
38	Jonathan Trumbull Jr.	1 yr, 131 days	1	1791
39	John Wesley Davis	1 yr, 93 days	1	1845
twoscore	Theodore Sedgwick	1 year, 92 days	one	1799
41 (tie)	Philip P. Barbour	one twelvemonth, ninety days	1	1821
	John Winston Jones	one yr, ninety days	1	1843
43	J. Warren Keifer	one year, 89 days	1	1881
44	Robert Charles Winthrop	ane year, 88 days	1	1847
45 (tie)	James Lawrence Orr	1 yr, 87 days	1	1857
	John Nance Garner	i year, 87 days	1	1931
47	Robert M. T. Hunter	1 year, 78 days	1	1839
48	Howell Cobb	1 twelvemonth, 72 days	i	1849
49	Langdon Cheves	1 year, 44 days	i	1814
fifty	William Pennington	1 year, 31 days	ane	1860
51	Nathaniel P. Banks	1 year, 30 days	1	1856
52	John Bong	275 days	1	1834
53	Michael C. Kerr	257 days	one	1875
54	Theodore Thou. Pomeroy	i day	ane	1869

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Forte, David F. "Essays on Commodity I: Speaker of the Firm". Heritage Guide to The Constitution. Heritage Foundation. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
2. ^ Relyea, Harold C. (August v, 2005). "Continuity of Regime: Electric current Federal Arrangements and the Time to come" (PDF). CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress. pp. 2–iv. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
3. ^ ^{a b} "Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots". history.house.gov. U.s.a. House of Representatives. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
4. ^ Heitshusen, Valerie; Beth, Richard Due south. (Jan iv, 2019). "Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913–2019" (PDF). RL30857. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Inquiry Service. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
5. ^ "List of Speakers of the Business firm". Washington, D.C.: Office of the Historian, United states House of Representatives. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
6. ^ Speakers of the Firm of Representatives, 1789-2021. Amenia, New York: Grey Business firm Publishing. 2021. ISBN978-one-64265-834-7.

 This commodity incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the U.S. federal government.

• "A Century of Code for a New Nation: U.Southward. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875". memory.loc.gov. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress.
• "Congressional Record (Spring Edition)". govinfo.gov. Washington, D.C.: Us Government Publishing Office.
• "Listing of Speakers of the Business firm". Washington, D.C.: Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives.

Further reading [edit]

• Follett, Mary Parker (1909) [First edition, 1896]. The speaker of the House of Representatives. New York, New York: Longmans, Greene, and Company. Retrieved March 18, 2019 – via Internet Archive, digitized in 2007.
• House Document 108–204 – The Cannon Centenary Conference: The Changing Nature of the Speakership

External links [edit]

• Official website

mayberrynowent.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

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